Difference between revisions of "Rooftop farming"
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| − | [[ | + | <div style="border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color:#BDBDBD; background-color:#F2F2F2; padding:5px;">''<small>'''Higher topic''': [[Higher topic::Gardening]]''</small><br> |
| + | <small>'''''Underlying topic(s)''': {{#Ask:[[Higher topic::{{PAGENAME}}]]}}''</small></div><br> | ||
| + | [[File:Groendakmetklaproos op Halve Wereld.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Green roofs on apartments blocks in Amsterdam]] | ||
: ''Topic in [[Gardening courses]]. By [[User:John|John Eagles]].'' | : ''Topic in [[Gardening courses]]. By [[User:John|John Eagles]].'' | ||
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| + | Rooftop farming is the practice of cultivating food on the rooftop of buildings while a roof garden is any garden on the roof of a building. One particular type of a roof garden is the green roof or living roof, a roof of a building covered with vegetation and a growing medium, planted over a waterproofing membrane. An older form of the green roof is the sod roof, which traditionally was applied on houses in Scandinavia. Sod roofs are composed of several layers of birch bark covered with sods. | ||
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| + | == Green roof == | ||
| + | [[File:20080708 Chicago City Hall Green Roof.JPG|thumb|200px|left|Green roof of City Hall in Chicago, Illinois.]] | ||
| + | Green roofs are also called living roofs. They are roofs of buildings partially or completely covered with vegetation in a growing medium. The roof is protected by a waterproof membrane. Sometimes drainage and irrigation systems are integrated. | ||
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| + | Green roofs absorb rainwater, provide insulation, create a habitat for wildlife and help to lower air temperatures in cities. | ||
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| + | Intensive roofs are thicker and heavier and support a wider variety of plants. Extensive roofs are covered with a light layer of vegetation.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_roof Green roof] Wikipedia</ref> | ||
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| + | One type of green roof is the sod roof.<br clear="all"/> | ||
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| + | === Sod roof === | ||
| + | [[File:Heidal.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Sod roofs on farmhouses in Gudbrandsdal, Norway.]] | ||
| + | A sod roof is also called turf roof. It was used to cover roofs of rural log houses in Scandinavia. Sods are placed on a layer of birch bark. The main purpose of the sod is to hold the birch bark in place and to give additional insulation. The layer of birch bark ensures that the roof is waterproof.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sod_roofs Sod roofs] Wikipedia</ref><br clear="all"/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == History == | ||
| + | Between ca 200 to ca 500 BCE there were built the ancient ziggurats or temple towers of ancient Mesopotamia. The oldest of these constructions were sun-dried brick towers had stepped terraces with a temple at its summit. Archeologists have discovered that large trees had been planted on the upper terraces of the towers.<ref>[http://ktdesignsuccess.com/tag/roof-gardens/ The history of roof top design]</ref>. | ||
| + | [[File:Hanging Gardens of Babylon.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Hanging gardens of Babylon]] | ||
| + | King Nebuchadnezzar II who ruled between 605 and 562 BC built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanging_gardens_of_babylon Hanging Gardens of Babylon] Wikipedia</ref> The gardens were built for his wife, Amytis of Media, who longed for the plants of her homeland. According to estimates the gardens would have required at least 37,000 liters of water per day. | ||
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| + | Roof gardens must have been an essential part of Roman life in Pompeii. One such roof garden was found in the Villa of Mysteries.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_of_the_Mysteries Villa of the Mysteries] Wikipedia </ref> | ||
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| + | The Palazzo Piccolomini<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo_Piccolomini#Palazzo_Piccolomini Pienza, section Palazzo Piccolomini] Wikipedia</ref> was the private summer residence of Pope Pius II. The city of Pienza where the palazzo is located was one of the first examples of Renaissance town planning. Atop Pius II's palazzo was a magnificent roof garden filled with sculpted trees.<ref name="heathershimmin">[http://www.heathershimmin.com/a-brief-history-of-roof-gardens A brief history of roof gardens]</ref> | ||
| + | [[File:Norskfolkemuseum 1.jpg|250px|thumb|left|Sod roofs on log buildings of Norsk Folkemuseum in Oslo.]] | ||
| + | "A sod roof or turf roof is a traditional Scandinavian type of green roof covered with sod on top of several layers of birch bark on gently sloping wooden roof boards. Until the late 19th century, it was the most common roof on rural log houses in large parts of Scandinavia."<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sod_roofs Sod roofs] Wikipedia</ref> Sod roofs added an additional layer of insulation and protection to the house. | ||
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| + | In the late 1800s rooftop gardens began appearing in New York City. The first major roof garden was built on top of the Casino Theatre at Broadway in 1882. Other theatres followed, for example Madison Square Garden and Winter Gardens.<ref name="heathershimmin"/> | ||
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| + | In modern architecture, throughout the 1920s Le Corbusier developed the 'Five Points of Architecture,' which became the new model for architectural design. The fifth point was the roof garden to compensate for the green area consumed by the building and replacing it on the roof.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Corbusier#Five_points_of_architecture Le Corbusier, section Five Points of Architecture] Wikipedia</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Gallery == | ||
| + | <gallery caption="" widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="5"> | ||
| + | File:Rockefeller 2007.jpg|The roof garden of the Rockefeller Center in Manhattan. | ||
| + | File:DirkvdM casa grande roof terrace.jpg|The roof terrace of the Casa Grande hotel in Santiago de Cuba. | ||
| + | File:Kensington roof gardens1.jpg|Kensington roof gardens | ||
| + | File:CalifAcadSciRoof 0820.JPG|Modern green roofs on California houses. | ||
| + | File:Green City.jpg|An intensive roof garden in Manhattan. | ||
| + | File:Authentic Viking recreation.jpg|Re-creation of Viking houses in Newfoundland. | ||
| + | File:Church at Hof.jpg|Sod roof Church at Hof, Iceland. | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
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* [http://www.heathershimmin.com/a-brief-history-of-roof-gardens A brief history of roof gardens] | * [http://www.heathershimmin.com/a-brief-history-of-roof-gardens A brief history of roof gardens] | ||
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_roof Green roof] Wikipedia | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_roof Green roof] Wikipedia | ||
| + | * [http://pinterest.com/1organicgardens/gardening-green-roofs/ Green roof photos] | ||
* [http://www.greenroofs.com/index.html Greenroofs.com] | * [http://www.greenroofs.com/index.html Greenroofs.com] | ||
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kensington_Roof_Gardens Kensington Roof Gardens] Wikipedia | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kensington_Roof_Gardens Kensington Roof Gardens] Wikipedia | ||
* [http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2009/05/green-roofs/cook-photography National Geographic Green Roofs] Photo gallery | * [http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2009/05/green-roofs/cook-photography National Geographic Green Roofs] Photo gallery | ||
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof_garden Roof garden] Wikipedia | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof_garden Roof garden] Wikipedia | ||
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| + | === Videos === | ||
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| + | New York is a city notoriously short on space, but also one whose residents<br clear="all" /> | ||
| + | are big on innovation. In the Big Apple, the latest trend is rooftop farming.<br clear="all" /> | ||
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| + | <div style="float:left; padding 30px;">{{#widget:youtube|id=t5leLebL8Kw}}</div><br clear="all" /> | ||
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| + | <div style="float:left; padding 30px;">{{#widget:youtube|id=hI9IM3L1ZR4}}</div> | ||
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| + | <br clear="all" /> | ||
==Comments== | ==Comments== | ||
Latest revision as of 08:36, 11 March 2016
Underlying topic(s):
- Topic in Gardening courses. By John Eagles.
Rooftop farming is the practice of cultivating food on the rooftop of buildings while a roof garden is any garden on the roof of a building. One particular type of a roof garden is the green roof or living roof, a roof of a building covered with vegetation and a growing medium, planted over a waterproofing membrane. An older form of the green roof is the sod roof, which traditionally was applied on houses in Scandinavia. Sod roofs are composed of several layers of birch bark covered with sods.
Green roof
Green roofs are also called living roofs. They are roofs of buildings partially or completely covered with vegetation in a growing medium. The roof is protected by a waterproof membrane. Sometimes drainage and irrigation systems are integrated.
Green roofs absorb rainwater, provide insulation, create a habitat for wildlife and help to lower air temperatures in cities.
Intensive roofs are thicker and heavier and support a wider variety of plants. Extensive roofs are covered with a light layer of vegetation.[1]
One type of green roof is the sod roof.
Sod roof
A sod roof is also called turf roof. It was used to cover roofs of rural log houses in Scandinavia. Sods are placed on a layer of birch bark. The main purpose of the sod is to hold the birch bark in place and to give additional insulation. The layer of birch bark ensures that the roof is waterproof.[2]
History
Between ca 200 to ca 500 BCE there were built the ancient ziggurats or temple towers of ancient Mesopotamia. The oldest of these constructions were sun-dried brick towers had stepped terraces with a temple at its summit. Archeologists have discovered that large trees had been planted on the upper terraces of the towers.[3].
King Nebuchadnezzar II who ruled between 605 and 562 BC built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.[4] The gardens were built for his wife, Amytis of Media, who longed for the plants of her homeland. According to estimates the gardens would have required at least 37,000 liters of water per day.
Roof gardens must have been an essential part of Roman life in Pompeii. One such roof garden was found in the Villa of Mysteries.[5]
The Palazzo Piccolomini[6] was the private summer residence of Pope Pius II. The city of Pienza where the palazzo is located was one of the first examples of Renaissance town planning. Atop Pius II's palazzo was a magnificent roof garden filled with sculpted trees.[7]
"A sod roof or turf roof is a traditional Scandinavian type of green roof covered with sod on top of several layers of birch bark on gently sloping wooden roof boards. Until the late 19th century, it was the most common roof on rural log houses in large parts of Scandinavia."[8] Sod roofs added an additional layer of insulation and protection to the house.
In the late 1800s rooftop gardens began appearing in New York City. The first major roof garden was built on top of the Casino Theatre at Broadway in 1882. Other theatres followed, for example Madison Square Garden and Winter Gardens.[7]
In modern architecture, throughout the 1920s Le Corbusier developed the 'Five Points of Architecture,' which became the new model for architectural design. The fifth point was the roof garden to compensate for the green area consumed by the building and replacing it on the roof.[9]
Gallery
The roof garden of the Rockefeller Center in Manhattan.
The roof terrace of the Casa Grande hotel in Santiago de Cuba.
Kensington roof gardens
Modern green roofs on California houses.
An intensive roof garden in Manhattan.
Re-creation of Viking houses in Newfoundland.
Sod roof Church at Hof, Iceland.
See also
References
- ↑ Green roof Wikipedia
- ↑ Sod roofs Wikipedia
- ↑ The history of roof top design
- ↑ Hanging Gardens of Babylon Wikipedia
- ↑ Villa of the Mysteries Wikipedia
- ↑ Pienza, section Palazzo Piccolomini Wikipedia
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 A brief history of roof gardens
- ↑ Sod roofs Wikipedia
- ↑ Le Corbusier, section Five Points of Architecture Wikipedia
External links
- A brief history of roof gardens
- Green roof Wikipedia
- Green roof photos
- Greenroofs.com
- Kensington Roof Gardens Wikipedia
- National Geographic Green Roofs Photo gallery
- Roof garden Wikipedia
Videos
New York is a city notoriously short on space, but also one whose residents
are big on innovation. In the Big Apple, the latest trend is rooftop farming.
Comments
- You need to be logged into your Facebook account to post comments
